How the internet works

• Network Switches are interconnected with each other (hence the name internet)
• Undersea fiber-optic cables carry massive streams of data between continents.

What are websites and webpages?

📄 Webpage vs. Website

• Webpage: A single document in your browser showing text, images, video, etc.
• Website: A collection of linked webpages under one domain.
• Example: An encyclopedia’s homepage links to individual article pages—each article is a webpage, together forming the website.

🛠️ Core Web Technologies

1. HTML (Structure)
   • “HyperText Markup Language”
   • Uses tags (<h1>, <p>, <img>) to define headings, paragraphs, images, audio/video, etc.
2. CSS (Style)
   • “Cascading Style Sheets”
   • Controls colors, fonts, layout, and visual design of HTML elements.
3. JavaScript (Behavior)
   • Browser-built programming language
   • Adds interactivity, data validation, real-time updates (e.g., login checks, live streaming).